Glossary

EU's energy regulator - coordinates national regulators and sets common rules for the power market.

Shared supplier qualification scheme for grid companies, TSOs and energy groups across the Nordics and Central Europe.

The receipt that says the message arrived. Its counterpart NACK says it was not accepted. Without one of them the sender knows nothing.

Adaptive Case Management - approach for handling complex, unpredictable processes where knowledge workers direct the flow rather than following a predefined process diagram.

Organisational psychologist at Wharton. 'Give and Take' shows that the people who give most end up both at the top and at the bottom, and the difference between them is worth understanding.

The residual in a grid area: everything fed in, minus everything measured out, minus grid losses. Distributed across the profile-settled customers.

Advanced Distribution Management System - next-generation DMS with real-time management of distributed energy resources.

The encryption algorithm protecting data at rest - on disk, in databases and in backups. Where TLS secures data in transit, AES secures data that is stored.

The Elhub market role that retrieves data on behalf of an end customer, with that customer’s consent. Tvimenning is approved in this role.

Development methodology where autonomous AI agents plan and execute multi-step tasks without manual intervention at each step.

Actor that pools flexibility resources from end users and trades them in the energy market.

Artificial Intelligence - technology that enables machines to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence, such as language understanding, pattern recognition, and decision-making.

An AI system that independently plans and executes multi-step tasks by using tools, making decisions and adapting along the way.

An infrastructure layer sitting between applications and AI models, handling authentication, logging, rate limiting and model selection.

Advanced Metering Infrastructure - comprehensive system for two-way communication between smart meters and power suppliers' systems.

Advanced Metering and Control System - the digital electricity meter Norwegian households received from 2019, reporting consumption hourly to Elhub.

Norwegian regulation requiring all grid companies to install AMS meters at all end users by 2019.

Services that keep the power system stable - frequency control, voltage regulation and short-circuit power - purchased by Statnett from producers and consumers.

Application Programming Interface - standardised interface that allows two systems to communicate with each other.

Component that acts as entry point for API traffic - handles authentication, rate limiting, and routing to backend services.

Linking of separate IT systems to exchange data and processes across organizational boundaries.

Person learning a trade through practical work combined with theoretical training - a key part of vocational education in Norway.

Structured review of systems and design to uncover technical debt, security risks, and deviations from architecture principles.

Open OASIS standard for secure message exchange over HTTP - the transport protocol required by Peppol, increasingly seen in European power-market messaging too.

Communication or programming pattern where processes do not need to wait for each other - used in message-based systems and event-driven architecture.

Amazon Web Services - Amazon's cloud platform with over 200 services; the leading cloud provider globally and widely used in the Norwegian energy sector.

Microsoft's cloud platform - strong in the enterprise segment, especially where Office 365 and Active Directory are already in use.

Microsoft's cloud-based integration service for automating workflows and connecting enterprise systems, APIs, and data services.

Process where the difference between planned and actual power exchange is reconciled - essential for the power market to function.

Financial settlement between BRPs and the system operator for energy imbalances in a given period.

Power that Statnett buys and sells in real-time to maintain system frequency stability at 50 Hz.

An electronic ID issued through the banks, used both for signing in and for signatures with legal effect.

Stationary battery installations (BESS) that store electrical energy to balance production and consumption in the power system.

Someone you have agreed with in advance to help in a crisis. Named word of the year 2024 by the Norwegian Language Council, and used by Norway's civil protection agency about household preparedness.

Battery Energy Storage System - technology for storing electrical energy in batteries to balance production and consumption.

Messages travel directly between two parties, without passing through a shared hub. The opposite of the centralised model Elhub is built on. Also called point-to-point.

The structured list of what something is made of - which parts, how many, and how they fit together.

Business Process Model and Notation - graphical notation for modeling business processes and workflows.

Business Process Outsourcing - a company takes over responsibility for running an entire business process for others, not merely the system it runs in.

Researcher at the University of Houston. Vulnerability is not weakness, but uncertainty, risk and exposure without a guaranteed outcome. Without it there is no trust.

Balance Responsible Party - actor responsible for balancing production and consumption in its portfolio against the system operator.

Elhub’s process specifications. Each BRS describes one market process step by step - who sends what, when, and what happens when something fails.

The Elhub process that retrieves historical metering values for a metering point. Used, among other things, when a third party has been granted access by the end user and needs to see consumption going back in time.

Martial artist and philosopher - "Be Water" as a metaphor for adaptability, precision and continuous improvement.

The Elhub market role for the supplier covering grid losses in a network.

Digital certificate issued to a company for secure machine-to-machine authentication - required for access to Elhub's API in Norway.

Systematic measurement and reporting of greenhouse gas emissions - divided into scope 1 (direct), scope 2 (purchased energy) and scope 3 (value chain).

EU directive on resilience of critical entities - sets requirements for protecting critical infrastructure against physical threats.

The common grid model - the assembled data set European TSOs agree on, built from each area's own model and used as the basis for capacity calculation and operational security analysis across borders.

ENTSO-E's European profile of CIM - the narrowed format TSOs actually use to exchange grid models across borders.

Continuous Integration / Continuous Delivery - automated processes for building, testing, and deploying software.

Common Information Model - IEC standard for semantic modeling of the electricity system, the basis for data exchange between TSOs across Europe.

Anthropic's AI coding assistant - integrated into the terminal and IDEs for agentic software development.

Approach to development where applications are designed from the ground up for cloud infrastructure - containers, microservices, and automated scaling.

Domain knowledge and technical skills - a core value for Tvimenning and a prerequisite for delivering quality in the energy sector.

A replaceable part inside a fixed asset. It has its own age, its own history and its own service life - independent of the asset it sits in.

Shared library of reusable UI components - ensures consistency and reduces duplication in interface development.

The collection point that pulls metering values from many smart meters and passes them on to the collection system in batches.

A maintenance tactic: continuously monitor a component's condition and intervene when the data shows a deviation - not on a fixed calendar. What FRAMSYN does in practice.

Measures and processes for managing situations where demand for grid capacity exceeds supply - between bidding zones or within the distribution network.